Description: When a short circuit to ground occurs, causing a DC voltage across the loudspeaker to be greater than or equal to V, an integrated protection circuit activates. This circuit limits the DC voltage across the loudspeaker to a value less than or equal to V. Pin 12 monitors the status of the protection circuit, which can be used for diagnostic purposes. If any output is short-circuited to ground while in standby mode, switching the circuit to mute or operational states becomes impossible. In this situation, the supply current is restricted to a few milliamps.
The described circuit features an integrated protection mechanism designed to safeguard the loudspeaker from excessive DC voltage, which could lead to damage or failure. The activation of the protection circuit occurs when a short circuit to ground is detected, resulting in a DC voltage across the loudspeaker that meets or exceeds a specified threshold (V). This mechanism is crucial in preventing potential damage by ensuring that the voltage is limited to a safe level (less than or equal to V).
Pin 12 serves a dual function; it not only detects the operational status of the protection circuit but also provides valuable diagnostic information. This monitoring capability is essential for troubleshooting and maintenance, allowing engineers to assess whether the protection circuit has been triggered due to a fault condition.
In scenarios where the circuit is in standby mode and a short circuit occurs, the system's ability to transition to mute or operational states is compromised. This design choice prioritizes safety and reliability, ensuring that the system cannot inadvertently enter an operational state that could exacerbate the fault condition. Instead, the supply current is intentionally limited to a few milliamps, minimizing power consumption and reducing the risk of further damage until the fault condition is resolved.
Overall, this protection circuit is an integral component of the loudspeaker system, enhancing its durability and performance by effectively managing fault conditions and preventing damage from excessive voltage.When a short-circuit to ground occurs, which forces a DC voltage across the loudspeaker of >= V, a built-in protection circuit becomes active and limits the DC voltage across the loudspeaker to <= V. Pin 12 detects the status of the protection circuit (e. g. for diagnostic purposes). If any output is short-circuited to ground during the standby mod e, it becomes impossible to switch the circuit to the mute or operating condition. In this event the supply current will be limited to a few milliamps.
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This amplifier is of such high quality that it would be an understatement to call it a HIFI amplifier. According to HIFI-confirmed-Finland, the frequency response must be direct and distortion <1% 20-20 kHz. Our power amplifier circuit meets the above requirements for bandwidth 5Hz - 500 kHz, however, the frequency band is limited to prevent interference. The amplifier meets the requirements for a reference amplifier, which is suitable for measurement and comparison operations. Small 12-24V voltage system amplifiers operating in the power and properties are somewhat modest, for instance, testing decent speakers. The amplifier is also suitable for demanding PA use.
When music occurs at shallow close 20Hz sound levels, the whole amplifier power reserve may need to be temporarily used. This happens especially when the low-frequency emphasis equalizer or amplifier is used, for example, TV. Watching a movie with lots of sound effects, if the power is not enough in that situation, the sound from the speakers is distorted, reducing the enjoyment of hearing or even damaging the speaker drivers.
The distortion of human hearing range is only about 20 Hz-20 kHz. The hi-fi speaker gamut extends at its best to 25kHz and the hearing area of bats "remains" at 150 kHz, so what are the practical benefits of the amplifier's superior frequency characteristics? The power of less than 1% distortion mentioned in the title 220W blue means the so-called total maximum amount of distortion. This includes TIM distortion (Transient intermodulation) as well as IM-distortion (intermodulation-distortion). TIM distortion occurs in connection with high-speed percussion sounds, such as the sound of dishes on drums. If the amplifier's share of this distortion is high, the amplifier will not be able to play the sound clean, but the sound will be distorted.
The higher the frequencies the amplifier is capable of playing, the less is TIM distortion. If the amplifier would be able to repeat 600 kHz, distortion would not occur at all. IM distortion means that the amplifier generates excess denominated, the so-called undesirable ghost signals. For example, fed in to 19 kHz. And 20 kHz, consists of the difference between 1kHz. Safety Because this amplifier has AC parts, its construction is permitted only in the technical work of teachers. Even in this case, the device should be checked by experts before connecting it to the network. Although the equipment has been revised, it is worth remembering that even the only speaker outputs may at best affect almost 70V the effective voltage.
Therefore, caution is necessary during building and operation. For instance, the speaker terminals should be protected against contact. Building instructions and testing of the amplifier circuit board components will be worth and an amplifier solder test in three stages: 1) The components of the power side, and all the cables signal cables except installed 2) any other circuit board components plus not only hybrid circuit STK 4231 3) STK 4231 placed and cooled, and the input signals the wires connected.
Installation of the power-side components and testing should be done carefully. The transformer wires insulation must first be removed carefully or checked that this has already been done. Then the transformer conductors order is checked on the transformer side.
The circuit board parts include STK4231II Hybrid, Led green, resistors of different values, ceramic and plastic capacitors, a rectifier, fuse holders and fuses, a coil, line voltage parts, potentiometer, RCA connectors, speaker output screws, and a cooling unit.
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